What Type Of Rock Is Peridotite

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What Type Of Rock Is Peridotite?

Peridotite

Type	Igneous Rock
Texture	Phaneritic (Coarse-grained)
Origin	Intrusive/Plutonic
Chemical Composition	Ultramafic
Color	Medium Green

Is peridotite sedimentary or metamorphic?

Layered peridotites are igneous sediments and form by mechanical accumulation of dense olivine crystals. Some peridotite forms by precipitation and collection of cumulate olivine and pyroxene from mantle-derived magmas such as those of basalt composition.

What is the metamorphic rock of peridotite?

Peridotite is the general name for the ultrabasic or ultramafic intrusive rocks dark green to black in color dense and coarse-grained texture often as layered igneous complex. From: Introduction to Mineralogy and Petrology 2014.

What type of igneous rock is peridotite and Dunites?

intrusive igneous rock

Peridotite or Dunite is an intrusive igneous rock peridotite is coarsegrained and dense. It is light to dark green in color. Peridotite contains at least 40 percent olivine and some pyroxene.

Is peridotite a mafic rock?

Peridotite is a very dense coarse-grained olivine-rich ultra- mafic intrusive rock. It is noted for its low silica content and contains very little or no feldspar ( orthoclase plagioclase). It is a common component of oceanic lithosphere and is derived from the upper mantle.

Is peridotite an igneous rock?

peridotite a coarse-grained dark-coloured heavy intrusive igneous rock that contains at least 10 percent olivine other iron- and magnesia-rich minerals (generally pyroxenes) and not more than 10 percent feldspar.

What type of rock is phyllite?

Phyllite

Type	Metamorphic Rock
Texture	Foliated Fine-grained
Composition	Muscovite Biotite Quartz Plagioclase
Index Minerals
Color	Shiny Gray

Is peridotite an andesitic?

The average composition of the continental crust is andesitic. Along with basalts they are a major component of the Martian crust. The name andesite is derived from the Andes mountain range where this rock type is found in abundance.
…
Andesite.

Composition
Secondary	Magnetites biotite sphene and quartz

What type of rock is basalt?

Basalt is a hard black volcanic rock. Basalt is the most common rock type in the Earth’s crust. Depending on how it is erupted basalt can be hard and massive (Figure 1) or crumbly and full of bubbles (Figure 2).

What is peridotite quizlet?

peridotite. A coarse-grained ultramafic intrusive igneous rock composed of olivine with small amounts of pyroxene and amphibole. The dominant rock in Earth’s mantle and the source rock of basaltic melts.

Why peridotite is densest among igneous rocks?

Chromite in Peridotite

The crystals are heavier than the melt and sink to the bottom of the melt. These high-temperature minerals can form layers of peridotite on the bottom of the magma body.

Is dunite and peridotite?

Dunite is usually coarse- to medium grained and is a peridotite.

Why is peridotite so dense?

Peridotite is a dense coarse-grained igneous rock consisting mostly of the minerals olivine and pyroxene. Peridotite is ultramafic and ultrabasic as the rock contains less than 45% silica. It is high in magnesium reflecting the high proportions of magnesium-rich olivine with appreciable iron.

Is peridotite same as peridot?

As nouns the difference between peridotite and peridot

is that peridotite is (geology|mineralogy) a rock consisting of small crystals of olivine pyroxene and hornblende the major constituent of the earth’s mantle while peridot is a transparent olive-green form of olivine used as a gem.

How is basalt formed?

Basalts are formed by the rapid cooling of basaltic lava equivalent to gabbro-norite magma from interior of the crust and exposed at or very close to the surface of Earth. These basalt flows are quite thick and extensive in which gas cavities are almost absent.

See also Which Type Of Rock Does Magma Form When It Hardens?

What is the density of peridotite?

between 3.2 – 3.4 g/cm3

Peridotite and Dunite are more dense than crustal rocks (with average densities between 3.2 – 3.4 g/cm3).

What type of rock is gneiss?

gneiss metamorphic rock that has a distinct banding which is apparent in hand specimen or on a microscopic scale. Gneiss usually is distinguished from schist by its foliation and schistosity gneiss displays a well-developed foliation and a poorly developed schistosity and cleavage.

What texture is basalt?

Porphyritic

Porphyritic Basalt

Type	Igneous Rock
Texture	Porphyritic
Origin	Extrusive/Volcanic
Chemical Composition	Mafic
Color	Dark Gray to Black

Is peridotite plutonic or volcanic?

Peridotite is a plutonic rock it is mostly composed of visible mineral grains. Other notable minerals that are often present are chromite garnet and plagioclase. It is an ultramafic rock (mafic minerals make up more than 90% of the rocks composition).

What type of foliation is phyllite?

Phyllite is a foliated metamorphic rock rich in tiny sheets of sericite mica. It presents gradation in degree of metamorphism ranging between slate and mica schist.

What kind of foliation does phyllite have?

Phyllite has good fissility (a tendency to split into sheets). Phyllites are usually black to gray or light greenish gray in color. The foliation is commonly crinkled or wavy in appearance.

Is phyllite contact or regional?

Summary Chart of Common Metamorphic Rocks
Original Rocks	Metamorphic Equivalent	Metamorphism
sandstone	quartzite	regional & contact
shale	slate >> phyllite >> schist >> gneiss	regional
limestone	marble	contact

What is basalt porphyry?

Porphyrite or porphyritic basalt is characterized by obvious crystals usually of plagioclase which is often white or tan in color. These crystals are typically interpreted as phases that formed before eruption where magma was being stored (a “Magma Chamber).

What is the difference between basalt and andesite?

Both lavas are formed at different plate boundaries which is why they have different silica contents: the basaltic lava forms from the hot mantle material at constructive plate boundaries and hotspots whereas the andesitic lava forms at destructive plate boundaries from melting crust.

How does basalt turn into andesite?

Andesite is a fine-grained rock that forms when the magma erupts onto the surface and crystallizes quickly. Andesite and diorite have a composition that is intermediate between basalt and granite. This is because their parent magmas formed from the partial melting of a basaltic oceanic plate.

See also when did the rocky mountains form

Is basalt a sedimentary rock?

Basalt is not a sedimentary rock. It is actually an igneous rock formed from cooled melted rocks.

Is basalt metamorphic rock?

Intense heat or great pressure transforms basalt into its metamorphic rock equivalents. … Basalts are important rocks within metamorphic regions because they can provide vital information on the conditions of metamorphism that have affected the region.

Is basalt sedimentary igneous or metamorphic?

Basalt is a dark-colored fine-grained igneous rock composed mainly of plagioclase and pyroxene minerals. It most commonly forms as an extrusive rock such as a lava flow but can also form in small intrusive bodies such as an igneous dike or a thin sill.

What is basalt astronomy quizlet?

Basalt a dense congealed lava rock rich in iron is the primary material in the Moon’s. Maria. One result of bombardment on the Moon’s surface is a layer of broken pulverized and powered rock called. Regolith.

What type of rock is granite quizlet?

Granite is a light-colored igneous rock with grains large enough to be visible with the unaided eye. It forms from the slow crystallization of magma below Earth’s surface. Granite is composed mainly of quartz and feldspar with minor amounts of mica amphiboles and other minerals.

What kind of magma is made from the partial melting of mantle peridotite?

most basaltic magma originates from partial melting of ultramafic rock (peridotite).

What is the specific gravity of peridotite?

5. Peridotite is a compact dark greenish rock with a specific gravity of 2.781.

What is the grain size of peridotite?

F-type peridotites are fine-grained (olivine ∼60–70 µm across).

Is basalt a plutonic rock?

When magma never reaches the surface and cools to form intrusions (dykes sills etc) the resulting rocks are called plutonic. … The basic classification is the same as for plutonic rocks: with increasing silica content they include: basalt andesites dacites rhyolite pumice and obsidian.