Photochemical Smog Is Formed When Primary Air Pollutants Interact With

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Photochemical Smog Is Formed When Primary Air Pollutants Interact With?

Photochemical smog is a mixture of pollutants that are formed when nitrogen oxides and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) react to sunlight creating a brown haze above cities. It tends to occur more often in summer because that is when we have the most sunlight.

Which substance creates photochemical smog when it interacts with primary pollutants?

Photochemical smog is produced when sunlight reacts with nitrogen oxides and at least one volatile organic compound (VOC) in the atmosphere. Nitrogen oxides come from car exhaust coal power plants and factory emissions.

What air pollutants contribute to photochemical smog?

Photochemical smog is a brownish-gray haze caused by the action of solar ultraviolet radiation on atmosphere polluted with hydrocarbons and oxides of nitrogen. It contains anthropogenic air pollutants mainly ozone nitric acid and organic compounds which are trapped near the ground by temperature inversion.

What three primary pollutants are involved with photochemical smog?

Among the pollutants involved in photochemical smogs are ozone nitrogen dioxide and peroxyacyl nitrate (PAN). The nitrogen dioxide and other oxides of nitrogen are primary pollutants produced by dissociation in combustion reactions and both ‘prompt’ and ‘thermal’ NO_x can be involved in the reactions.

What is necessary for photochemical smog to form?

The formation of photochemical smog involves three primary ingredients: nitrogen oxides hydrocarbons and sunlight. … Sunlight causes the photodissociation of nitrogen and oxygen to yield ozone and oxygen atoms.

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Is photochemical smog a primary pollutant?

Photochemical smog is composed of primary and secondary pollutants. Primary pollutants which include nitrogen oxides and volatile organic compounds are introduced into the atmosphere via vehicular emissions and industrial processes. … Photochemical smog is most common in sunny and dry cities like Los Angeles.

What is photochemical smog in environmental chemistry?

Photochemical smog is a type of air pollution due to the reaction of solar radiation with airborne pollutant mixtures of nitrogen oxides (NOx) and volatile organic compounds (hydrocarbons). Smog is a byproduct of modern industrialization. … Oxidation: Photochemical smog is also referred to as oxidizing smog.

What is smog is it a primary or secondary pollutant?

Smog. Another most important secondary pollutant is the Smog which has made up of Smoke and Fog.

How is photochemical smog formed what secondary pollutant is a major component?

Smog forms when sunlight nitrogen oxides and volatile organic compounds are present. The secondary pollutant ozone is a major component of photochemical smog. … Acidic desposition which is comprised of hydrogen sulfate and nitrate ions forms from both sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides.

Is industrial smog a primary pollutant?

While industrial smog’s primary pollutants of coal and fossil fuels mixing with dense water vapor are widely understood the creation of secondary pollutants — the ones created when primary pollutants react with substances normally found in the atmosphere — is the root of most of the human health problems.

Is formaldehyde a component of photochemical smog?

The common components of photochemical smog are ozone nitric oxide acrolein formaldehyde and peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN).

Which one of the following pollutants is formed due to photochemical reactions?

An important secondary pollutant for photochemical smog is ozone which is formed when hydrocarbons (HC) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) combine in the presence of sunlight.

Is photochemical smog a secondary pollutant?

Secondary pollutants are pollutants which form in the atmosphere. These pollutants are not emitted directly from a source (like vehicles or power plants). … Photochemical smog is made up of various secondary pollutants like ozone peroxyacyl nitrates (PANs) and nitric acid (seen in Figure 2).

How photochemical is formed?

Photochemical form is formed by a complex series of chemical reactions involving sunlight oxides of nitrogen and volatile organic compounds that are present in the atmosphere as a result of air pollution. These reactions often result in the formation of ground level ozone and certain airborne particles.

How is photochemical smog formed quizlet?

Photochemical smog is formed when nitrogen oxides (NOx) and volatile organic hydrocarbons react when activated by sunlight. … 3) When exposed to UV radiation from the sun some NO2 reacts with hydrocarbons to form photochemical oxidants such as ozone nitric acid aldehydes and other pollutants.

Why is photochemical smog a secondary pollutant?

An important secondary pollutant for photochemical smog is ozone which is formed when hydrocarbons (HC) and nitrogen oxides (NO_x) combine in the presence of sunlight nitrogen dioxide (NO₂) which is formed as nitric oxide (NO) combines with oxygen (O₂) in the air.

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How is smog different from photochemical smog?

Sulfurous smog also known as London smog develops due to high concentration of sulfur oxides in the air. … Photochemical smog is produced when sunlight reacts with oxides of nitrogen and at least one volatile organic compound (VOC) in the atmosphere.

What is industrial smog and photochemical smog?

Classical smog is primarily the product of coal-fueled fires from factories and is also known as industrial smog. The smog common in Los Angeles comes from automobile and other fossil-fuel emissions since the energy of the Sun makes it noxious it’s known as photochemical smog.

What is photochemical air pollution?

Photochemical air pollution is pollution caused by the reaction of unsaturated and saturated hydrocarbons aromatics and aldehydes (emitted owing to the incomplete combustion of fuels) with light. It causes eye irritation.

How does photochemical smog affect the environment?

Photochemical smog has devastating effects on the environment. … Some plants such as tobacco tomato and spinach are highly responsive to ozone so photochemical smog can decimate these sensitive crops trees and other vegetation. Ozone causes necrotic (dead) patterns on the upper surfaces of the leaves of trees.

What is photochemical smog how it is formed and what are its impacts?

Photochemical smog refers to a type of smog which is formed when the ultraviolet light from the sun reacts with nitrogen oxides present in the atmosphere. This smog can cause a lot of adverse effects on humans and other living organisms.

What is photochemical smog list the factors that favor the formation of photochemical smog?

Photochemical smog development factors

1-Nitrogen source and released organic combinations combining high density of this material with industrializing and transportation are important factors forming photochemical smog. These factors cause some pollution to form in atmosphere by combustion fossil fuel.

What are primary pollutants and secondary pollutants?

A primary pollutant is an air pollutant emitted directly from a source. A secondary pollutant is not directly emitted as such but forms when other pollutants (primary pollutants) react in the atmosphere.

What are the primary and secondary air pollutants?

Primary air pollutants: Pollutants that are formed and emitted directly from particular sources. Examples are particulates carbon monoxide nitrogen oxide and sulfur oxide. Secondary air pollutants: Pollutants that are formed in the lower atmosphere by chemical reactions.

Which one of the following is produced during the formation of photochemical smog?

Notes: During the photochemical smog NO and O3 both are produced but major production is of nitrogen oxide (NO) and NO2. The components of automobile exhaust are particularly important in the formation of atmospheric ozone and are the primary contributors to Los Angeles smog.

Which is not component of photochemical smog?

Some of the common nitrogenous compounds are NOX PAN of which PAN is peroxyacetyl nitrate which is a component of the photochemical smog. But the CFC or chlorofluorocarbon is not a component of the smog as it takes part in the depletion of the ozone layer.

Which of the following is the major photochemical smog?

9. The major photochemical smog is________. Sol: (b) Chlorofluorocarbon.

Why is photochemical smog called LA smog?

Photochemical smog: This type of smog was observed in Los Angeles(1940s) and hence named as Los Angeles smog. It is formed when the air contains NO ₂ and hydrocarbons and the mixture is exposed to sunlight. As the reaction take place in the presence of light to form the smog it is called photochemical smog.

Where does photochemical smog occur?

Photochemical smog which is also known as “Los Angeles smog ” occurs most prominently in urban areas that have large numbers of automobiles. It requires neither smoke nor fog. This type of smog has its origin in the nitrogen oxides and hydrocarbon vapours emitted by automobiles…

What is a photochemical smog quizlet?

Photochemical smog is a mixture of about one hundred primary and secondary pollutants formed under the influence of sunlight. Ozone is the main pollutant. Precipitation cleans the air and winds disperse the smog.