This Volcano Is Broad And Low, And Is Composed Of Basaltic Lava Flows. What Kind Of Volcano Is It?

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This Volcano Is Broad And Low And Is Composed Of Basaltic Lava Flows. What Kind Of Volcano Is It??

2. Shield Volcanoes are constructed from successive flows of basaltic lava that flows easily and spreads widely. Shield volcanoes therefore have broad gentle slopes and are the classic type of volcanoes in Hawaii (Fig. 5.10).2. Shield Volcanoes

Shield Volcanoes
The chain includes Mauna Loa a shield volcano which stands 4 170 m (13 680 ft) above sea level and reaches a further 13 km (8 mi) below the waterline and into the crust approximately 80 000 km3 (19 000 cu mi) of rock.

Which type of volcano is formed by the flow of basaltic lava?

shield volcanoes
Most shield volcanoes are formed from fluid basaltic lava flows. Mauna Kea and Mauna Loa are shield volcanoes. They are the world’s largest active volcanoes rising over 9 km above the sea floor around the island of Hawai’i.

What type of volcano has basaltic magma?

Shield volcanoes

Shield volcanoes are formed by basaltic magma typically above a mantle plume whereas the stratovolcanoes (sometimes referred to as composite volcanoes) are formed by andesitic/rhyolitic magma. You will also come to understand the relationship between volcanic phenomena and plate tectonics.

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What type of volcano is gently sloping large and composed of basaltic lava?

Shield Volcano

Shield Volcano: A dome shaped volcano with gently sloping sides and a broad base characteristic of relatively low viscosity basaltic lava eruptions.

What is a basaltic lava flow?

Basaltic lava or mafic lava is molten rock enriched in iron and magnesium and depleted in silica. … When on land basaltic lavas are commonly seen as pahoehoe or ‘a’a flows. Underwater basaltic lavas are erupted as pillow basalts. More rare basaltic lava features include lava lakes and lava fountains.

What are basaltic flows?

Basalt flows are noneruptive voluminous and characterized by relatively low viscosity. They generally advance less than one mile or kilometer per hour on gentle slopes and may reach more than 30 mi (50 km) from their source or erupting vent.

How do you know if a volcano makes felsic or basaltic lava?

Temperature: The hotter the lava the lower the viscosity (the thinner it is). The cooler the lava the higher the viscosity (the thicker it is). Composition: he more felsic the lava (the more silica in the lava) the higher the viscosity because silica forms chains in the cooling lava even before it crystallizes.

What are the 3 types of lava flows associated with basaltic lava?

There are three types of basalt lava flows: pillow pahoehoe and a’a.

Is basaltic an explosive lava?

Basaltic eruptions are the most common form of volcanism on Earth and planetary bodies. The low viscosity of basaltic magmas inhibits fragmentation which favours effusive and lava-fountaining activity yet highly explosive hazardous basaltic eruptions occur.

Which kind of lava flows faster basaltic or rhyolitic?

The composition of the molten rock. Basaltic lava flows move much faster than rhyolitic lava flows. Also the amount of gas dissolved in the lava can change the flows ability to flow (viscosity). … During some eruptions vast amounts of lava are released and so the flows tend to be faster.

What volcano is broad and gently sloping?

Shield Volcano. A dome shaped volcano with gently sloping sides and a broad base characteristic of relatively low viscosity basaltic lava eruptions.

What type of volcano has very broad shape with gentle slopes?

Shield volcanoes

Shield volcanoes are huge gently sloping volcanoes built of very thin lava spreading out in all directions from a central vent. They have wide bases several miles in diameter with steeper middle slopes and a flatter summit. The gentle convex slopes give them an outline like a medieval knight’s shield.

Which type of volcanoes have broad bases and steep sides?

Strato-volcano or Composite Volcano

These volcanoes have broad bases and sides that get steeper and steeper as you get closer to the top. They frequently have a large crater at the top created during its last eruption.

What are the types of basaltic lava?

Lavas particularly basaltic ones come in two primary types: pahoehoe (pronounced ‘paw-hoey-hoey”) and aa (pronounced “ah-ah”). Both names like a number of volcanological terms are of Hawaiian origin.

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What are the two types of basaltic lava flows?

Basaltic lava generally takes two distinct forms known by the Hawaiian terms pahoehoe and aa. Pahoehoe has a smooth wavy surface that resembles twisted rope. It advances by extruding molten toes of lava beneath a thin flexible crust. As it travels pahoehoe lava often changes to blocky flows called aa.

What are the type of lava flows?

The most common way to divide lava flows into distinct types is following: Pahoehoe lava flow Aa lava flow Blocky lava flow and also Pillow lava flow. … The most common subaerial lava flows today are pahoehoe aa and blocky lavas. Lava surface is cooling very rapidly.

How is a basaltic volcano formed?

Basaltic magma is commonly produced by direct melting of the Earth’s mantle the region of the Earth below the outer crust. On continents the mantle begins at depths of 30 to 50 km. Shield volcanoes such as those that make up the Islands of Hawai’i are composed almost entirely of basalt.

What type of rock is a basalt?

Basalt is a hard black volcanic rock. Basalt is the most common rock type in the Earth’s crust. Depending on how it is erupted basalt can be hard and massive (Figure 1) or crumbly and full of bubbles (Figure 2).

What is the lava that flows in this volcano?

What is Lava? When a volcano erupts the molten rock (or magma) that comes out of the Earth is called lava. Because lava is so hot (more than 1 100 degrees C over 2 000 degrees F) it remains molten and flows across the ground until it cools and hardens into rock.

What are the materials composed by volcanoes?

Volcanic eruptions produce three types of materials: gas lava and fragmented debris called tephra.

What is the composition of lava?

Lava is mostly made of two elements — Si (the symbol for silicon) and O (the symbol for oxygen). Together they make a very strong bond and then get together with other elements like Fe (iron) Mg (magnesium) K (potassium) Ca (calcium) and more.

What type of volcano has felsic lava?

Composite volcanoes
Composite volcanoes are made of felsic to intermediate rock. The viscosity of the lava means that eruptions at these volcanoes are often explosive (figure 2).

What composition lava will flow downhill slowest?

Cards
Term Which of the following properties does not depend on the chemical composition of an igneous rock/magma? Definition grain size
Term What is the eruption temperature of basaltic lava? Definition 1000–1200°C
Term Which of the following lavas will flow downhill slowest? Definition rhyolite

What are the 3 main types of lava?

The high temperatures and pressure under Earth’s crust keep magma in its fluid state. There are three basic types of magma: basaltic andesitic and rhyolitic each of which has a different mineral composition.

What type of volcano is Kilauea?

shield volcano
Kīlauea Volcano is a shield volcano located on the eastern slope of Mauna Loa Volcano on the Island of Hawai’i. The volcano is considered to be in the shield-building stage of Hawaiian volcanism.

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What is basaltic volcano?

Basaltic volcanoes are characterized by persistent periods of activity ranging from effusive lava flows to explosive eruptions with variable intensity (i.e. lava fountains to high-intensity short-lasting paroxysmal events) each posing different types of potential threats to the local population.

Which two types of volcanoes are associated with the eruption of fluid basaltic lava?

Eruptions of basaltic magma produce shield volcanoes such as Mauna Loa in Hawaii and cinder cones such as Sunset Crater in Arizona. Basaltic magma is low in silica and so has a low viscosity is very fluid and flows easily.

Is lava rock a basalt?

Lava Rock also known as Basalt is a broad term for a mineral that forms when magma from volcanoes solidifies and hardens into rock. This stone is found worldwide and is one of the oldest and most abundant minerals on earth.

Are basaltic lava flows fast?

(Credit: Griggs J.D.. Public domain.) Fluid basalt flows can extend tens of kilometers from an erupting vent. The leading edges of basalt flows can travel as fast as 10 km/h (6 mph) on steep slopes but they typically advance less than 1 km/h (0.27 m/s or about 1 ft/s) on gentle slopes.

What is basaltic andesitic and rhyolitic?

Magma is molten rock beneath or on the Earth’s surface. It also includes any unmelted mineral grains and dissolved gases. … High temperature and low SiO2 content result in fluid magma (basaltic). Lower temperature and high SiO2 contents result in viscous magma (andesitic and rhyolitic magma).

What type of volcano rhyolitic andesitic or basaltic is the most explosive?

Lavas and pyroclastics are usually andesitic to rhyolitic in composition. Due to the higher viscosity of magmas erupted from these volcanoes they are usually more explosive than shield volcanoes.

Which type of volcanoes have broad bases?

Composite volcanoes have broad bases and steep sides. These volcanoes usually have a large crater at the top. The crater was created during the volcano’s last eruption. Composite volcanoes are formed by alternating layers of magma and ash.

What type of volcanoes form from wide thin layers of lava?

Shield volcanoes – They form from wide thin layers of lava that eventually are shaped like a shield.

Which type of volcano has gentle slopes and forms at a divergent plate boundary?

Shield volcanoes

Shield volcanoes are found on divergent plate boundaries where two plates move away from one another.

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