Which of the following increases the salinity of surface seawater?
Evaporation of ocean water and formation of sea ice both increase the salinity of the ocean. However these “salinity raising” factors are continually counterbalanced by processes that decrease salinity such as the continuous input of fresh water from rivers precipitation of rain and snow and melting of ice.
In which of the following region would you expect to have the highest levels of seawater salinity?
In the open ocean salinities are elevated at lower latitudes because this is where most evaporation takes place. The highest salinities are in the subtropical parts of the Atlantic especially north of the equator.
Is there relatively high or low seawater salinity in the high latitudes?
b) There is not much of a relative difference in the seawater salinity between high latitudes and low latitudes the variation in low-latitude salinity averages out to be about the same as in high latitudes.
At which location would you expect the most sunshine to hit the surface waters of the ocean?
The Sun’s radiation is strongest at the equator and dissipates the closer you get to the poles. This uneven distribution of heat causes air to move. The hot air over the equator rises and moves away from the equator. Likewise cold air from the poles sinks and moves towards the equator.
Why is salinity higher in the Atlantic Ocean?
What are the factors affecting the salinity of the seawater?
Salinity of seawater is affected by evaporation precipitation ice formation and ice melting. Evaporation increases the salinity of seawater because when seawater evaporates the salts are left behind thus increasing their concentration.
Which region has least salinity?
The ocean around Antarctica has a low salinity of just below 34ppt and around the Arctic it is down to 30ppt in places. Thawing icebergs add freshwater – icebergs that have broken off ice sheets formed over land do not contain salt and the freezing of seawater into ice floes removes more salt.
What is the salinity level of the Pacific ocean?
What is the salinity of the Atlantic Ocean?
37 parts per thousand
Atlantic Ocean The surface waters of the North Atlantic have a higher salinity than those of any other ocean reaching values exceeding 37 parts per thousand in latitudes 20° to 30° N.
Why is there low surface salinity in the high latitudes and higher surface salinity in the low latitudes?
Along the equator there is a lot of rain which causes runoffs which causes a decrease in salinity because of the added water. … In low-latitude regions the surface salinity starts out high then decreases as depth increases.
Why is there low surface salinity in the high latitudes and why is there higher surface salinity in the low latitudes quizlet?
What combination of factors explains the salinity at high latitudes? Compared to high latitudes there is higher salinity due to higher evaporation but the salinity is slightly lower close to the equator due to an increase in runoff there.
Why is surface salinity higher at lower latitudes?
The surface salinities higher than the deepwater salinities in the lower latitudes because in these subtropical regions there is extensive evaporation…
How does salinity vary in the Pacific ocean from the South Pole to the equator to the North Pole?
Which statement best explains ocean water salinity at high latitudes?
Referring to the variation in ocean salinity map which statement describes ocean water salinity at high latitudes? The salinity of ocean water is low near the surface and increases with depth.
Where in the water column would you expect to find warm fresh water?
You have 3 temperature zones in the water column. The surface is the warmest. Next is the transition zone and then the deep zone. Water pressure the force exerted by the weight of water also changes with depth.
Why is surface water salinity higher in the tropical oceans than in the northern oceans?
why is surface water salinity higher in the tropic oceans than in the northern oceans? the surface water in the arctic ocean has a density of about 1 000 kg/m^3 at 4˚C whereas the surface water of a tropical ocean has a density of about 997 kg/m^3 at 20˚C.
Why is salinity typically a little higher in the Atlantic than in the Pacific ocean?
The Atlantic Ocean is known to have higher sea surface salinity than the Pacific Ocean at all latitudes. This is thought to be associated with the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation and deep water formation in the high latitude North Atlantic – a phenomenon not present anywhere in the Pacific.
Why does salinity vary in different seas and oceans?
Oceans can vary in salinity by deficiencies/overabundance of fresh water (evaporation/precipitation) as the measure of saltiness is given in the form of a concentration. Salt concentration varies as well because oceans do not stand still. … Search ocean biochemistry for more information.
What happens to the salinity as the depth increases?
Typically the salinity decreases from the surface ocean to deep waters is very small from about 36 g/L (ppt) at the surface to 35 g/L (ppt) in the deep water thus there is a very small density decrease with depth given a constant temperature.
Why there is higher salinity in the northern Red sea while lower in the southern?
The northern part of the Red Sea is more saline than the southern part because it mainly has the Gulf of Suez water which lies to the west of the Sinai Peninsula. The water from the Gulf of Suez is known to have a salinity of about 40 parts per thousand owing in part to evaporation and consequently a high density.
What is considered high salinity?
In which region the salinity of the sea water is less?
The surface salinity is lower in the polar regions than in the tropical regions due to melting each summer.
Do oceans have different levels of salinity?
The salinity of the ocean varies from place to place especially at the surface. Much of the ocean has salinity between 34 ppt and 36 ppt but there are places that tend to be higher or lower.
Where does the salt in the ocean come from?
Where does the salinity vary more in the coastal ocean or the open ocean?
The range of salinity observed in the open ocean is from 33 to 37 grams of salt per kilogram of seawater or psu. … This effect is found in the Red Sea where the surface salinity rises to 41 psu. Coastal lagoon salinities in areas of high evaporation may be much higher.
Does the Atlantic or Pacific have higher salinity?
As oceanographers have known for many years—but now can “see”—the Atlantic Ocean is saltier than the Pacific and Indian Oceans. Rivers such as the Amazon carry tremendous amounts of fresh runoff from land and spread plumes far into the sea.
Which water body has highest salinity?
The most saline water body in the world is the Gaet’ale Pond located in the Danakil Depression in Afar Ethiopia. The water of Gaet’ale Pond has a salinity of 43% making it the saltiest water body on Earth (i.e. 12 times as salty as ocean water).
Where do we find maximum salinity?
The correct answer is Dead Sea. The Dead Sea has a maximum salinity of 240 per thousand. It has such a high content of salt because it lies in the tropical region which is hot and subsequently the rate of evaporation is high.
Which ocean has the highest salinity and why?
The ocean with the most salt is the Pacific Ocean – the largest and deepest of Earth’s oceans. Located between Asia and Australia in the west and the Americas in the east the Pacific Ocean has the most salt because parts experience excess evaporation which leaves the water more dense and salty.
Which hemisphere has more salinity?
Explanation: The northern hemisphere occupies more land mass. This is one prime reason for increased salinity in the northern hemisphere. Land heats up and cools down faster than ocean water.
Where is salinity the lowest in the ocean quizlet?
Places with lowest salinities are near 60 degrees latitude (low pressure) and along coastlines. Rivers weather down rocks and carry the minerals to the ocean. The rivers evaporate leaving behind salt.
Why is the salinity of surface seawater high at the middle latitudes?
Salinity of the top layer of the ocean is closely linked with precipitation and evaporation. Evaporation leaves behind dissolved salts increasing salinity and precipitation “freshens” the top ocean layers. So salinity is high in mid-latitudes where evaporation is high and precipitation is low (darker oranges).
How does salinity affect the density of water?
When salt is dissolved in fresh water the density of the water increases because the mass of the water increases. … When comparing two samples of water with the same volume the water sample with higher salinity will have greater mass and it will therefore be more dense.
Is there relatively high or low seawater salinity in the high latitudes is there relatively high or low seawater salinity in the low latitudes?
b) There is not much of a relative difference in the seawater salinity between high latitudes and low latitudes the variation in low-latitude salinity averages out to be about the same as in high latitudes.
How polarity makes water behave strangely – Christina Kleinberg
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Salinization