What Accounts For The Relative Rise Of The West

Contents

What led to the rise of the West?

The first chapter explores scholarship arguing that the West rose to dominance due to internal factors such as cultural traits technological strength and a politically fragmented system. Numerous authors emphasize the role of a Judeo-Christian culture as a major factor in the emergence of Western dominance.

When did the West rise?

The rise of the West on a cosmopolitan scale from 1750 to 1950 is described as to continued territorial expansion industrialism the democratic revolution and intellectual aspects. This period marks a discontinuity: the global influence of the West expands beyond all historical parallels.

Which factors contributed the most to the great divergence between Europe and the rest of the world?

Efficiency of markets and state intervention

A common argument is that Europe had more free and efficient markets than other civilizations which has been cited as a reason for the Great Divergence.

Why did the West dominate the world?

The Europeans used their insatiable quest for knowledge of other cultures and the development of scientific/technological discoveries to conquer the world. European attitudes languages religions clothing styles and forms of government still dominate 500 years later.

Who created Rise of the West?

William H. McNeill

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Was the rise of the West inevitable or contingent?

Contingency is that the West’s ascendancy was dependent on silver mined in the Americas. Accident was England’s abundance of easily mined coal. Conjuncture was the rise of the nation-state and industrialization at the same time in Europe. The rise of the West was not inevitable but just a lucky accident.

When did Western Europe rise?

The 16th century was a period of vigorous economic expansion. This expansion in turn played a major role in the many other transformations—social political and cultural—of the early modern age. By 1500 the population in most areas of Europe was increasing after two centuries of decline or stagnation.

What caused the rapid expansion of Western imperialism?

Motivations for the New Imperialism

Advances in science and technology industry transportation and communication provided Western nations with many advantages. Armed with new economic and political power Western nations set out to dominate the world building extensive overseas empires in the late 1800s.

What does the author consider a storyline centered on the rise of the West to be?

Authors used the idea of the West to both justify and explain the dominance of some European nations over other parts of the world. They were creating a narrative of world history that centered the role of a Western culture that was better than other cultures.

Who came up with the great divergence?

Samuel P. Huntington

The origins of this dominance is often referred to as the “Great Divergence ” a phrase coined by the late American political scientist Samuel P. Huntington. However prior to 1800 China was the world leader in technology commerce and political power.

What reason does Landes give for the rise of the West in the nineteenth century?

This is the fundamental difference between Landes and the other authors. Landes’ explanation for the rise of the West is a simple and traditional one: culture. He argues that between 1000 and 1500 Europe was fragmented so there was no single political power to limit the development of European culture.

What was the great divergence The Economist 2013?

Western Europe and parts of North America had become fabulously wealthy. Almost everywhere else was horribly poor. Economic historians refer to this as the “Great Divergence”.

Why did Africa never develop?

Africa has fallen behind because its people despite their historical abilities in science have not done this in an organised manner. The more the western world was able to invent and innovate in the past 300 years the more “civilised” it became.

What is the western civilization?

Western civilization refers to the art literature culture and enduring ideas that emerged from the eastern Mediterranean basin in the centuries before the common era that developed in myriad forms through the Middle Ages and that ultimately took modern shape after the Renaissance.

Why was Western Europe so successful?

Trade was the driving force in making Europe into the dominant world power as it was the midwife for Europe’s superior technology and institutions. And Europe’s trade happened because their food was quite terrible and they were hungry for spices to make their food tastier.

What error did William McNeill later acknowledge he made in writing his book The Rise of the West?

Dr. McNeill was criticized for writing too favorably of the West which he acknowledged. In a “retrospective essay ” he noted that “The Rise of the West” was in part influenced by the Cold War and the post-World War II ascendance of the United States.

Who was one of the first historians to write about world or global history and what was his focus?

The earliest known critical historical works were The Histories composed by Herodotus of Halicarnassus (484 – c. 425 BCE) who later became known as the “father of history” (Cicero).

When did Eurocentrism begin?

The term “Eurocentrism” dates back to the late 1970s but it did not become prevalent until the 1990s when it was frequently applied in the context of decolonisation and development and humanitarian aid that industrialised countries offered to developing countries.

Why did capitalism develop in the West?

This wealth – sometimes called ‘capital’ – had to be invested somewhere. It was used to pay for the industrialisation of Europe. So the transatlantic slave trade and plantation wealth were the major causes of the growth of capitalism in Europe.

Was the great divergence inevitable?

The implication they suggest is that divergence was an inevitable outcome of 19th Century globalization. In our framework free trade is possible throughout. Here we show that even as local technologies diverge North and South trade need not immediately foster monotonic divergence between core and periphery.

What is capitalism in US history?

Capitalism is an economic system in which private individuals or businesses own capital goods. The production of goods and services is based on supply and demand in the general market—known as a market economy—rather than through central planning—known as a planned economy or command economy.

What does Western Europe produce?

Its major crops include wheat grapes and vegetables. Western Europe was a leader in developing industry because it was rich in coal and iron ore. Today the region has three of Europe’s top manufacturing nations: France Germany and the Netherlands.

What was the rise of Europe?

The rise of Western Europe after 1500 is due largely to growth in countries with access to the Atlantic Ocean and with substantial trade with the New World Africa and Asia via the Atlantic. … These changes were central to subsequent economic growth.

Where is EU West?

The Northern and Western Europe region includes economies from Northern Europe (Denmark Finland Ireland Norway Sweden and the United Kingdom) and Western Europe (Austria France Germany the Netherlands and Switzerland).

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How was the rise of imperialism related to the growth of industrialization?

The industrial revolution was the force behind this New Imperialism as it created not only the need for Europe to expand but the power to successfully take and profitably maintain so many colonies overseas. The industrial revolution created the need for Europe to take over colonies around the world.

What were the 3 main reasons for European imperialism in Africa?

The European imperialist push into Africa was motivated by three main factors economic political and social. It developed in the nineteenth century following the collapse of the profitability of the slave trade its abolition and suppression as well as the expansion of the European capitalist Industrial Revolution.

Which imperial power had the most widely disbursed territories?

Which imperial power had the most widely disbursed territories? By 1913 the British Empire held influence more than 412 million individuals 23% of the total populace at the time [2] and by 1920 it secured 35 500 000 km2 (13 700 000 sq mi) 24% of the Earth’s absolute land area.

What is the little divergence?

The Little Divergence is the process of differential economic growth within Europe in the period between 1300 and 1800 during which the North Sea Area developed into the most prosperous and dynamic part of the Continent.

Why is Europe more advanced?

Europe was not more technologically advanced than the rest of the world. It had military technological advancements that the Mesoamericas did not have. However they were more advanced than Europeans in many areas such as astronomy [1] math and agriculture (specifically irrigation[2]).

What was the great divergence quizlet?

What is the great divergence that took place in world history between 1790 and 1820? When manufacturing shifted from Asia to Europe. Particularly in cotton and silk textile production iron manufacturing and shipbuilding. … That China and India had a population problem when in reality it was Europe.

What are Pomeranz factors for Europe’s rise vs China?

Pomeranz argues for the importance of two factors essentially exogenous “shocks” outside the price system that had important effects on the economy: the distribution of energy-generating resources and the accident that Europe discovered the New World whereas China did not.

What is the great divergence debate in Chinese history?

Driven by scholars in China and some Western Sinologists two pre-existing debates in Chinese historiography have been connected to that on divergence. One debate was about whether the late imperial Chinese economy had contained within it ‘sprouts of capitalism’ and if so what had prevented them from blossoming.

Why did West rise?

In the 19th century the west won the edge that it is now losing again. The dramatic effects of the industrial scientific and technological revolutions meant that until the rest of the world caught up western nations had better guns more productive economies and superior medicine.

What was the great divergence in America?

The Great Divergence is a term given to a period starting in the late 1970s during which income differences increased in the US and to a lesser extent in other countries.

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