What Is The Main Source Of Pollutants In Photochemical Smog?

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What Is The Main Source Of Pollutants In Photochemical Smog?

The two major primary pollutants nitrogen oxides and VOCs combine to change in sunlight in a series of chemical reactions outlined below to create what are known as secondary pollutants. The secondary pollutant that causes the most concern is the ozone that forms at ground level.

What is the main source of photochemical smog?

sunlight
Photochemical smog is produced when sunlight reacts with nitrogen oxides and at least one volatile organic compound (VOC) in the atmosphere. Nitrogen oxides come from car exhaust coal power plants and factory emissions. VOCs are released from gasoline paints and many cleaning solvents.Jan 21 2011

What is the main source of pollutants in photochemical smog quizlet?

Photochemical smog is a mixture of about one hundred primary and secondary pollutants formed under the influence of sunlight. Ozone is the main pollutant. Precipitation cleans the air and winds disperse the smog.

Which pollutants is the major contributor to photochemical smog?

Option 2 is the correct answer: Ozone is the major contributor to photochemical smog.

What is the main pollutant in smog?

Sources of Smog

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The key pollutants that lead to air pollution are oxides of nitrogen especially nitrogen oxides and nitric oxides which are released in the atmosphere by combustion of fossil fuel coming from coal power plants factory emissions and car exhausts.

Is photochemical smog a secondary pollutant?

Secondary pollutants are pollutants which form in the atmosphere. These pollutants are not emitted directly from a source (like vehicles or power plants). … Photochemical smog is made up of various secondary pollutants like ozone peroxyacyl nitrates (PANs) and nitric acid (seen in Figure 2).

Which of the following is an example of the photochemical pollutant?

Air pollution containing ozone and other reactive chemical compounds formed by the action of sunlight on nitrogen oxides and hydrocarbons especially those in automobile exhaust.

What are the main causes of smog quizlet?

What causes smog? Smog is mostly caused by action of sunlight on a mixture of hydrocarbons & oxides of Nitrogen.

What is the major source of air pollution today?

Most of the air pollution takes place due to the burning of fossil fuels such as coal oil gasoline to produce energy for electricity or transportation. The release of carbon monoxide in high level indicates how much fossil fuel is burned. This also emits other toxic pollutants in the air.

What is a smog and how is it photochemical smog formed quizlet?

Photochemical smog is formed when nitrogen oxides (NOx) and volatile organic hydrocarbons react when activated by sunlight. The steps for the formation of this smog are: 1) Nitrogen oxide (NO) is formed at high temperatures when fossil fuel combustion occurs.

Which of the following pollutants are responsible for the cause of smog?

2. Which of the following pollutants are responsible for the cause of SMOG? Answer: (c) Both incinerators and emissions from vehicles.

Why is photochemical smog a secondary pollutant?

An important secondary pollutant for photochemical smog is ozone which is formed when hydrocarbons (HC) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) combine in the presence of sunlight nitrogen dioxide (NO2) which is formed as nitric oxide (NO) combines with oxygen (O2) in the air.

Is photochemical oxidants present in photochemical smog?

Photochemical oxidants are found in ‘photochemical smog’ which is a complex mixture of primary and secondary air pollutants. The photochemical oxidants are secondary air pollutants formed by the action of sunlight on nitrogen oxides and reactive hydrocarbons their precursors.

What are the major air pollutants emitted from automobile emissions?

The major pollutants released as vehicle/fuel emissions are carbon monoxide (CO) nitrogen oxides (NOx) photochemical oxidants air toxics namely benzene (C6H6) aldehydes 1 3 butadiene (C4H6) lead (Pb) particulate matter (PM) hydrocarbon (HC) oxides of sulphur (SO2) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs).

What component is different in industrial smog from photochemical smog?

It is produced when nitrogen oxides and volatile organic compounds in automobile and fossil-fueled power-plant emissions combine with oxygen in the air in direct sunlight. Whereas industrial smog casts a gray pallor over the areas it affects the nitrogen dioxide in photochemical smog creates a dingy brownish haze.

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What is photochemical smog in environmental chemistry?

Photochemical smog is a type of air pollution due to the reaction of solar radiation with airborne pollutant mixtures of nitrogen oxides (NOx) and volatile organic compounds (hydrocarbons). Smog is a byproduct of modern industrialization. … Oxidation: Photochemical smog is also referred to as oxidizing smog.

How is photochemical smog formed what secondary pollutant is a major component?

Smog forms when sunlight nitrogen oxides and volatile organic compounds are present. The secondary pollutant ozone is a major component of photochemical smog. … Acidic desposition which is comprised of hydrogen sulfate and nitrate ions forms from both sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides.

What is a photochemical pollutant?

Photochemical air pollution is pollution caused by the reaction of unsaturated and saturated hydrocarbons aromatics and aldehydes (emitted owing to the incomplete combustion of fuels) with light. It causes eye irritation.

Is formaldehyde a component of photochemical smog?

The common components of photochemical smog are ozone nitric oxide acrolein formaldehyde and peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN).

What contributes to both photochemical smog and acid precipitation?

Smog and acid rain are produced through similar sources primarily vehicle and industry emissions. Though both result from human-caused air pollutants there are chemical distinctions between the two.

Does photochemical smog cause acid rain?

Photochemical smog forms from a complex process however the source of it is quite apparent. … The nitric acid may precipitate to the Earth resulting in acid rain or remain in the smog. Due to the direct production of it by vehicles the smog forms over cities where many people may encounter its adverse health effects.

What causes smog and acid rain?

The pollutants in smog come from vehicle emissions smokestack emissions paints and solvents – most of which started out as crude oil. … The pollutants of acid rain are derived from coal fired power plants.

What are the air pollutants and their sources?

Criteria pollutants
pollutant common sources
carbon monoxide (CO) automobile emissions fires industrial processes
nitrogen oxides (NO and NO2) automobile emissions electricity generation industrial processes
sulfur dioxide (SO2) electricity generation fossil-fuel combustion industrial processes automobile emissions

What are the main source of pollution?

mobile sources – such as cars buses planes trucks and trains. stationary sources – such as power plants oil refineries industrial facilities and factories. area sources – such as agricultural areas cities and wood burning fireplaces. natural sources – such as wind-blown dust wildfires and volcanoes.

What are the main sources of environmental pollution?

The main sources of pollution are household activities factories agriculture and transport. Once they have been released into the environment the concentration of some pollutants is reduced by dispersion dilution deposition or degradation.

How photochemical smog is formed?

Photochemical smog is a mixture of pollutants that are formed when nitrogen oxides and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) react to sunlight creating a brown haze above cities. It tends to occur more often in summer because that is when we have the most sunlight.

What are the three air pollutants produced by burning fuels?

Most human-made air pollution comes from burning fossil fuels for transportation electricity and industry. Common pollutants produced by fossil fuel burning engines are carbon dioxide nitrogen oxides sulfur dioxide volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and particulates.

Which of the following are considered indoor air pollutants?

Common residential indoor pollutants include excessive moisture volatile organic compounds (VOCs) combustion products radon pesticides dust particles viruses and bacteria.

Which of the following agents is mainly responsible for secondary pollutants?

Like nitrogen dioxide sulfur dioxide can create secondary pollutants once released into the air. Secondary pollutants formed with sulfur dioxide include sulfate aerosols particulate matter and acid rain.

What is the composition of photochemical smog Mcq?

5. What is the composition of photochemical smog? Explanation: The photochemical smog constitutes of oxides of nitrogen aldehydes ketones ground level ozone as well as PAN PBN PFN which are the free radicals formed due to reaction of ketones nitrogen oxides and oxygen in the presence of sunlight.

What are primary pollutants and secondary pollutants?

A primary pollutant is an air pollutant emitted directly from a source. A secondary pollutant is not directly emitted as such but forms when other pollutants (primary pollutants) react in the atmosphere.

Which one of the following pollutant or pairs of pollutants is formed due to photochemical reactions?

An important secondary pollutant for photochemical smog is ozone which is formed when hydrocarbons (HC) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) combine in the presence of sunlight.

Which is not component of photochemical smog?

Some of the common nitrogenous compounds are NOX PAN of which PAN is peroxyacetyl nitrate which is a component of the photochemical smog. But the CFC or chlorofluorocarbon is not a component of the smog as it takes part in the depletion of the ozone layer.

Is smog a primary or secondary pollutant?

Danger of Secondary Pollutants

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When sunlight combines with photochemical smog’s primary pollutant nitrogen oxide it creates dangerous levels of ozone a secondary pollutant that causes widespread health problems.

Which of the air pollutants are present in an auto exhaust gas?

The majority of vehicle exhaust emissions are composed of carbon dioxide nitrogen water vapor and oxygen in unconsumed air. Carbon monoxide unburned fuel nitrogen oxides and particulate matter such as mercury are also present in vehicle exhaust emissions in smaller quantities.

How do automobiles pollute the air?

Ingredients of Vehicular Pollution

Ozone- The primary ingredient in urban smog ozone is created when hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides—both of which are chemicals released by automobile fuel combustion—react with sunlight. … Cars and trucks are the source of nearly two-thirds of this pollutant.

What are primary air pollutants discuss their sources and relative contribution to air pollution?

POLLUTANTS FROM VARIOUS ACTIVITIES
SOURCE TYPICAL AIR POLLUTANTS RELEASED
Stationary sources carbon monoxide ( CO ) lead ( Pb ) nitrogen oxides ( NOx) particulate matter sulfur dioxide (SO2)
Industrial processes carbon monoxide ( CO ) lead ( Pb ) nitrogen oxides ( NOx) particulate matter sulfur dioxide (SO2)

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Photochemical Smog

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