Which law explains why the planets remain in orbit?
Newton’s First Law of Motion states that a body in motion keeps the same motion unless acted upon by an outside force. Likewise if it is not moving it remains that way unless a force acts on it. … The force of gravity causes the moving planets to travel in roughly circular orbits around the sun.
What do the 2nd and 3rd laws imply about the motion of planets?
Kepler’s Second Law: the imaginary line joining a planet and the sons sweeps equal areas of space during equal time intervals as the planet orbits. … Kepler’s Third Law implies that the period for a planet to orbit the Sun increases rapidly with the radius of its orbit.
What is Kepler’s 2nd Law of planetary motion?
Kepler’s second law states that a planet moves in its ellipse so that the line between it and the Sun placed at a focus sweeps out equal areas in equal times.
What were Kepler’s 3 laws?
There are actually three Kepler’s laws that is of planetary motion: 1) every planet’s orbit is an ellipse with the Sun at a focus 2) a line joining the Sun and a planet sweeps out equal areas in equal times and 3) the square of a planet’s orbital period is proportional to the cube of the semi-major axis of its …
How do Newton’s laws explain Kepler’s 2nd law and 3rd law of planetary motion?
Because the planet-Sun line sweeps out equal areas in equal times (Kepler’s 2nd Law) it is possible to show that the force must be directed toward the Sun from the planet. … Kepler’s 3rd Law and Newton’s 3rd Law imply that the force must be proportional to the product of the masses for the planet and the Sun.
Which law explains the periodic motion of planets?
Kepler’s laws of planetary motion in astronomy and classical physics laws describing the motions of the planets in the solar system.
What is the formula for Kepler’s 2nd law?
areal velocity = Δ A Δ t = L 2 m . Since the angular momentum is constant the areal velocity must also be constant. This is exactly Kepler’s second law.
What is the relationship between Newton’s three laws and Kepler’s three laws?
what is the relationship between newtons three laws and Kepler’s three laws? newton’s laws are general and apply to any motion while Kepler’s laws apply only to planetary motion in the solar system. made detailed measurements of the motions of the planets in the sky.
What is the name of Kepler’s 3rd law?
the law of harmonies
Kepler’s third law – sometimes referred to as the law of harmonies – compares the orbital period and radius of orbit of a planet to those of other planets.
What is the meaning of Kepler’s third law p2 a3 quizlet?
Kepler’s third law states that for any planet orbiting the Sun the orbital period squared (p2 ) is equal to the average orbital distance cubed (a3) or p2=a3 . … Earth travels faster in its orbit around the Sun in January than in July.
What causes Kepler’s 2nd law?
Kepler’s Second Law. The radius vector from the Sun to a planet sweeps out equal areas in equal periods of time. … This means that it takes less time to cover an arc close to the Sun so the planet must be moving faster and more time to cover an arc further from the Sun so the planet must be moving slower.
What are Kepler’s three laws of planetary motion give the mathematical formulation of Kepler’s third law of planetary motion?
What are Kepler’s 3 laws of planetary motion quizlet?
Terms in this set (3)
The sun is at one focus. The second focus is not needed because of sun’s mass & gravity. A planet spends equal amount of time [in its orbit] perihelion & aphelion. How long it takes a planet to orbit the sun is related to how far the plant is from the sun like a track.
Why is Kepler’s 2nd law called the law of equal areas?
What are Kepler’s laws quizlet?
How does Kepler’s second law work?
Why do planets move in elliptical orbit?
What is Kepler’s second law example?
How does conservation of angular momentum explain Kepler’s 2nd law?
“Equal areas in equal times” means the rate at which area is swept out on the orbit (dA/dt) is constant. So Kepler’s Second Law Revised: The rate at which a planet sweeps out area on its orbit is equal to one-half its angular momentum divided by its mass (the specific angular momentum). Angular momentum is conserved.
Which of Kepler’s laws did Newton enhance?
Newton’s Universal Law of Gravitation
Amazingly out of these simple and general rules Newton was able to show that all of Kepler’s descriptive laws for orbits followed as a direct consequence. note that the m2 will cancel so that circular orbital motion is independent of the mass of the orbiting body!
What differentiates Kepler’s laws from Newton’s explanation of orbital motion?
How does Newton’s Universal Law of Gravitation explain Kepler’s laws?
How does Newton’s Universal Law of Gravitation explain Kepler’s laws? Universal gravitation implies that the orbits of the planets must be elliptical (Kepler’s first law). … Universal gravitation implies that the planets further from the Sun will move more slowly than the planets closer to the Sun (Kepler’s third law).
What is the R A in Kepler’s third law?
Kepler’s Third Law relates the period of an orbit to the radius of an orbit if the orbit is circular and to the semimajor axis if the orbit is elliptical. Let’s derive it for a circular orbit assuming a mass m is orbiting a mass M with r being the radius of the orbit.
What is P2 a3?
If the size of the orbit (a) is expressed in astronomical units (1 AU equals the average distance between the Earth and Sun) and the period (P) is measured in years then Kepler’s Third Law says P2 = a3. … Suppose a new asteroid is discovered which orbits the Sun at a distance of 9AU.
What is P2 in Kepler’s third law?
If we use the year as the unit of time the AU as the unit of distance and the Sun’s mass as the unit of mass Kepler’s 3rd law becomes: P2(in years) = a3(in AU)/M(in solar masses) where P is the orbital period a is the semimajor axis of the orbit and M is the sum of the masses of the two objects.
Which follows directly from Kepler’s third law P 2 a 3?
Which one follows directly from Kepler’s third law (p2 = a3)? Venus orbits the Sun at a slower average speed than Mercury. Venus has a thicker atmosphere than Mercury.
Which follows directly from Kepler’s third law p2 a3?
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| All the following statements are true. Which one follows directly from Kepler’s third law (p2 = a3)? | Venus orbits the Sun at a slower average speed than Mercury. |
What planet did Kepler study?
Kepler was assigned the task by Tycho Brahe to analyze the observations that Tycho had made of Mars. Of all the planets the predicted position of Mars had the largest errors and therefore posed the greatest problem.
What does Kepler’s second law tell us about how fast planets move in their orbits?
Kepler’s Second Law Describes the Way an Object’s Speed Varies along Its Orbit. A planet’s orbital speed changes depending on how far it is from the Sun. The closer a planet is to the Sun the stronger the Sun’s gravitational pull on it and the faster the planet moves.
What two factors must be balanced for an object to remain in orbit?
So really a satellites ability to maintain its orbit comes down to a balance between two factors: its velocity (or the speed at which it would travel in a straight line) and the gravitational pull between the satellite and the planet it orbits. The higher the orbit the less velocity is required.
What is Kepler’s first law of planetary motion quizlet?
What is Kepler’s second law of planetary motion quizlet?
Kepler’s Second Law states that “An imaginary line drawn from the center of the Sun to the center of a planet will sweep out equal areas in equal intervals of time. … Kepler’s Second Law also tells us that planets travel faster when they are closer to the Sun than when they are further away.
How many laws of planetary motion did Kepler develop quizlet?
Kepler’s Three Laws of Planetary Motion.
What is Kepler’s law of equal areas?
How do the Planets Stay in Orbit Around the Sun?
Orbit of the Planets in the Solar System
Why all planets rotate sun in same direction?
Why Our Planets Are on the Same Orbital Plane