What do mid-ocean ridges and hot spots have in common *?
The buoyant rise of hot material transports heat to the surface from the deep interior while colder material sinks at subduction zones. Mid-ocean ridges and hot- spots are major expressions of heat dissipation at Earth’s surface as evidenced by their abundant volcanic activity.
When a hot spot interacts with a mid-ocean ridge the affected ridge segments tend to receive a greater-than-normal supply of magma from the mantle leading to more frequent eruptions and formation of volcanic edifices right on the ridge.
What is a mid-ocean ridge similar to?
How are mid-ocean ridges and seamounts similar?
At mid-ocean ridges plates are spreading apart and magma rises to fill the gaps. … Seamounts are also created at hot spots isolated areas within tectonic plates where plumes of magma rise through the crust and erupt at the seafloor often creating chains of volcanoes and seamounts such as the Hawaiian Islands.
What are the differences between a mid-ocean ridge and a hotspot quizlet?
What are the differences between a mid-ocean ridge and a hotspot? –Hotspot volcanism is caused by the presence of mantle plumes and hot magma comes up through the mantle. -At mid ocean ridges two plates move away from each other and the magma fills the empty space.
What happens in mid-ocean ridge?
Why are hotspots more common in the ocean?
Hotspots Within Oceans
Hotspots are much more common beneath ocean crust. This is because ocean crust is thinner. The plume can more easily penetrate this crust. As the tectonic plates move above a hotspot they form a chain of volcanoes.
What are hot spots in the ocean?
Ocean Hot Spots are hot points in the ocean where the tectonic plates separate or diverge and release hot magma from the mantle. These hotspots are prime locations to have volcanoes and islands form.
How are hotspots different than a volcano at a tectonic ridge?
The melted rock known as magma often pushes through cracks in the crust to form volcanoes. Hot spot volcanism is unique because it does not occur at the boundaries of Earth’s tectonic plates where all other volcanism occurs. Instead it occurs at abnormally hot centers known as mantle plumes.
What do all ocean basins have?
Does oceanic crust have the same composition as continental crust?
Oceanic crust formed at spreading ridges is relatively homogeneous in thickness and composition compared to continental crust. On average oceanic crust is 6–7 km thick and basaltic in composition as compared to the continental crust which averages 35–40 km thick and has a roughly andesitic composition.
What are the characteristics of lithospheric plate?
Each lithospheric plate is composed of a layer of oceanic crust or continental crust superficial to an outer layer of the mantle. Containing both crust and the upper region of the mantle lithospheric plates are generally considered to be approximately 60 mi (100 km) thick.
What is the relationship between seamounts and volcanoes?
Seamounts are underwater volcanoes and most are much younger than the oceanic crust on which they formed. If a seamount gets large enough to break the ocean surface it becomes a volcanic island.
What is a deep sea trench similar to?
What is Earth’s crustal bedrock at the Mid-Atlantic Ridge mostly composed of?
What is the difference between oceanic ridges and oceanic rises?
So what’s the difference between a ridge and a rise? It has to do with how fast they are spreading apart. Ridges are spreading apart more slowly and thus have steep slopes and higher elevations Rises are spreading quickly so have gentle slopes and are lower in elevation.
Why Lithogenous sediments are more common Neritic deposits while Biogenous oozes are more common pelagic deposits?
Lithogenous is the most common neretic deposit because neretic deposits are close to the shore where lithogenous sediments are created. biogenous oozes are the most common pelagic deposit because pelagic areas are the most productive area of the ocean where the most biogenous ooze is created.
Why do oceans become deeper moving away from ridges?
Oceans become deeper moving away from ridges due to? thermal contraction of hot lithosphere.
What type of plate boundary is occurring in the Mid-Atlantic Ridge?
What is the mid-Atlantic ocean ridge Why is it important?
How does crust form along a mid-ocean ridge?
How does crust form along a mid-ocean ridge? Mid-ocean ridges are formed by magma from the mantle rising to the surface at the ridge solidifies to form oceanic crust then moves laterally away from the ridge. … Because of subduction all ocean floor is less than 200 million years old.
What causes hot spot volcanism?
A volcanic “hotspot” is an area in the mantle from which heat rises as a thermal plume from deep in the Earth. High heat and lower pressure at the base of the lithosphere (tectonic plate) facilitates melting of the rock. This melt called magma rises through cracks and erupts to form volcanoes.
How are the Mid-Atlantic Ridge and the East Pacific Rise different?
Which hotspot is found directly on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge?
The Iceland hotspot has profoundly influenced the creation of oceanic crust throughout the North Atlantic basin. Enigmatically the geographic extent of the hotspot influence along the Mid-Atlantic Ridge has been asymmetric for most of the spreading history.
What are hotspots and where are they located?
Are all hotspots located in the ocean?
Where are hot spots?
A hot spot is an intensely hot area in the mantle below Earth’s crust. The heat that fuels the hot spot comes from very deep in the planet. This heat causes the mantle in that region to melt. The molten magma rises up and breaks through the crust to form a volcano.
What do earthquakes volcanoes and mountain building have in common?
What do earthquakes volcanoes and mountain building have in common? They occur suddenly. They are measured by seismographs. They result from plate motion.
Which type of volcano is most closely associated with hotspots?
Most hotspot volcanoes are basaltic (e.g. Hawaii Tahiti). As a result they are less explosive than subduction zone volcanoes in which water is trapped under the overriding plate. Where hotspots occur in continental regions basaltic magma rises through the continental crust which melts to form rhyolites.
What is the biggest difference between hot spot volcanism in an island chain and plate tectonic volcanism in an island chain?
What is the biggest difference between hot-spot volcanism in an island chain and plate tectonic volcanism in an island chain? Hot spots have age trends hot spot volcanoes move as the plate moves producing a line of volcanoes of different ages.
What are common to all features of ocean basins?
The ocean basins constitute one of the two major topographic features of Earth’s surface the other being the continents. … Yet they all contain certain common features such as oceanic ridges trenches and fracture zones and cracks abyssal plains and hills seamounts and guyots.
What are the major features of ocean basins?
What are the 3 major ocean basins?
The continents which cover 29.2% of the earth’s surface break up the ocean into the three basins which we call the Atlantic Pacific and Indian oceans.
What are the similarities between oceanic and continental crust?
Oceanic and Continental crusts are alike because they both shift and move and grow. They differ by there rock types. Oceanic crust is made up of dense basalt while continental crust is made up of less dense granite.
What features and characteristics are different between oceanic and continental plates?
Continental plates are much thicker that Oceanic plates. At the convergent boundaries the continental plates are pushed upward and gain thickness. The rocks and geological layers are much older on continental plates than in the oceanic plates. The Continental plates are much less dense than the Oceanic plates.
Mid-Ocean Ridge
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