What Would Happen If The Depth Of The Ccd Were Above The Top Of The Mid-ocean Ridge??
What would happen if the depth of the CCD were above the top of the mid-ocean ridge? Calcareous ooze would not be found below the CCD.
What is the carbonate compensation depth CCD and how does it affect deep sea sedimentation?
Carbonate compensation depth (CCD) is the depth in the oceans below which the rate of supply of calcite (calcium carbonate) lags behind the rate of solvation such that no calcite is preserved.
Why is the depth of the CCD On average shallower in the Pacific than it is in the Atlantic?
Specifically the CCD is deeper in the Atlantic (~5 000 m) than in the Pacific and Indian (~3 500–4 500 m) due to a lower saturation state in the subsurface Pacific and Indian as a result of higher total CO2 concentrations from organic matter remineralization.
What happens at the carbonate compensation depth?
The carbonate compensation depth or CCD is defined as the water depth at which the rate of supply of calcium carbonate from the surface is equal to the rate of dissolution. As long as the ocean floor lies above the CCD carbonate particles will accumulate in bottom sediments but below there is no net accumulation.
What factors control the depth of the CCD calcite compensation depth )?
- Water temperature.
- Depth.
- CO 2 concentration.
- pH (high pH values aid in carbonate preservation)
- Amount of carbonate sediment supply.
- Amount of terrigenous sediment supply.
What factors can affect the CCD?
- Traditional bee pests and diseases. …
- Bee management. …
- Queen source. …
- Chemical use in bee colonies. …
- Chemical toxins in the environment. …
- Varroa mites and associated pathogens. …
- Nutrition. …
- Undiscovered or new pests and diseases.
Why is compensation depth significant to primary productivity in the ocean?
What is compensation depth? Why is it significant to primary production in the ocean? The point of zero net primary production. If Phytoplankton remain below the compensation depth for more than a few days they will die.
What depth would you place the CCD in the North Atlantic ocean?
Because the supply and dissolution rates of carbonate differ from place to place the depth of the CCD is variable. In the Indian Ocean and the Pacific the CCD is typically found at depths between 3 500 and 4 500 m. In the North Atlantic and the eastern South Atlantic the CCD occurs deeper than 5 000 m.
What is the CCD and what effect does it have on the accumulation of calcareous ooze?
Carbonate Compensation Depth abbreviated as CCD refers to the specific depth of the ocean at which calcium carbonate minerals dissolve in the water quicker than they can accumulate. … This creates a calcareous ooze that can under pressure from the overlying water form limestone or chalk.
Do you predict the CCD to rise or fall with atmospheric global warming?
Therefore the production of calcium carbonate will probably decline although conversely global warming increasing stratification and sea level rise may also stimulate increases in global calcification.
What is meant by compensation depth?
Definition of depth of compensation
: the depth below the earth’s surface at which the topographic inequalities are compensated by variations in rock density so that all columns of rock or of rock and water above the depth have approximately equal weights.
What occurs below the calcium carbonate compensation depth quizlet?
the depth at which the rate of accumulation of calcareous sediments equals the rate of dissolution of those sediments. Below this depth sediment contains little or no calcium carbonate.
What is the calcium carbonate compensation depth is there a compensation depth for the siliceous components of once living things?
Is there a compensation depth for the siliceous components of once living things? The depth in the oceans below which the rate of supply of calcite lags behind the rate of solution such that no calcite is preserved.
What is the difference between compensation depth and critical depth?
In Sverdrup’s words the compensation depth is defined as the depth at which the energy intensity is such that the production by photosynthesis balances destruction by respiration. The critical depth is the depth above which daily integrated net production is zero.
What controls caco3 dissolution in the deep ocean?
Overall the rate of deep-sea CaCO3 dissolution r is largely controlled by β rather than ks (11 12) except in regions of high bottom currents or where sediments are CaCO3-poor such as the North Pacific or the Southern Ocean (SI Appendix Fig. S5).
What is the average CCD depth below sea level?
What is the average CCD depth below sea level in feet? The calcium carbonate compensation depth (CCD) is the depth at which the rate of accumulation of calcium carbonate is equal to the dissolution of calcium carbonate. The average depth is 4 500 meters (15 000 feet).
What controls the depth of the Lysocline?
How does pressure affect carbonate deposition?
Calcite is not found in sediments in the deep marine environment. An increase in load pressure (due to the mass of the overlying material) is to increase the solubility of gases in liquids. This causes [2] to produce more carbonic acid and [1] to shift to the right causing calcite to dissolve.
At which depths in the ocean water column does photosynthesis exceed respiration?
Compensation depth – Respiration exceeds photosynthesis within a cell at about 1% of incident surface light (the photic zone is the region from the surface to where 99% of light has disappeared). The rate that light attenuate in water will also influence the degree of heating within the water column by sunlight.
What factors affect productivity in the ocean?
Ocean Productivity. Abiotic factors like solar radiation and nutrients and biotic factors like zooplankton predation may affect ocean primary productivity. Productivity varies with the season and also locally and globally.
How does ocean depth affect photosynthesis quizlet?
The plants decrease with depth. Sunlight decreases with depth. Photosynthesis decreases also. Deep ocean water contains more Oxygen (gas) than middle ocean water because water is cooler and under pressure.
Why is the CCD deeper in the North Atlantic than in the North Pacific?
In the Atlantic basin the CCD is 500 metres (about 1 600 feet) deeper than in the Pacific basin reflecting both a high rate of supply and low rate of dissolution in comparison to the Pacific.
What is the deepest that the photosynthetic compensation depth can occur in the ocean?
With lower concentrations of phytoplankton in the water the compensation depth can be quite deep perhaps 100 m.
Why are there no red clays in the ocean B profile?
Red clays only form at depths below 5 000m and Ocean B is shallower. … It appears that in Ocean B there is a lot of terrigenous material delivered from the continent which dilutes the clay component. d. Ocean B is above the CCD and hence red clays cannot form.
At what depth would you likely find calcareous ooze?
The CCD is usually found at depths of 4 – 4.5 km although it is much shallower at the poles where the surface water is cold. Thus calcareous oozes will mostly be found in tropical or temperate waters less than about 4 km deep such as along the mid-ocean ridge systems and atop seamounts and plateaus.
At what depth would you likely find siliceous ooze?
Why is it uncommon to find calcareous ooze deep ocean basins?
Why is it uncommon to find calcareous ooze in deep-ocean basins? As the calcium carbonate tests of organisms sink into deeper parts of the ocean they dissolve. In seawater deeper than 4 500 m the tests dissolve completely before they reach the bottom.
Is ocean acidification a result of global warming?
Ocean acidification is often called global warming’s evil twin. … But climate change isn’t the only consequence of carbon pollution — so is ocean acidification. With more and more carbon dioxide in the atmosphere oceans absorb more and more of it becoming – you guessed it – more and more acidic.
What is the difference between the Lysocline and carbonate compensation depth?
It was found that the lysocline is at a depth much deeper (about 2500 m deeper) than the saturation horizon of calcite and several hundred meters shallower than the calcium carbonate compensation depth. Our results appear to support the kinetic point of view on the CaC03 dissolution mechanisms.
Why are calcifying organisms important?
Building Shells and Skeletons: Calcifying Organisms
Increased acidity slows the growth of calcium carbonate structures and under severe conditions can dissolve structures faster than they form.
What is the significance of the carbonate compensation depth CCD )? How might ocean acidification affect the CCD?
What is the significance of the carbonate compensation depth (CCD)? how might ocean acidification affect the CCD? The depth provided by the CCD gives us the threshold in which calcium carbonate is dissolved. Acidification could cause the CCD to rise and slower coral reef growth and production of calcium carbonate.
The carbonate compensation depth (CCD) is the dominant facies boundary on the deep-sea floor. It separates calcareous from noncalcareous sediments with the calcareous deposits (“carbonate ooze”) restricted roughly to the shallower half of the deep-sea floor.
What is meant by level of compensation in geography?
compensation level The depth at which light penetration in aquatic ecosystems is so reduced that oxygen production by photosynthesis just balances oxygen consumption by respiration. Generally this implies a light intensity of about 1 per cent of full daylight. A Dictionary of Ecology.
What happens below the calcium compensation depth?
When these shells fall below a certain water depth they begin to dissolve as ocean waters become undersaturated with respect to calcium carbonate because of increasing pressure decreasing temperature and increasing amounts of dissolved CO2. With increasing depth the rate of dissolution increases.
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